I’ve installed Pop!OS after getting my Lenovo Ideapad Pro 5 back from the warranty repair. Supposedly they changed the motherboard (which I don’t doubt, it was waiting a week for new parts apparently), but even after that I’m still getting graphical errors and bugs when moving between desktops and other window animations. I know X11 can be a bit buggy at best, so it could just be that on top of the newer SoC.
I have the same chip in my mini PC (7840HS) and it works fine for me on Linux, but then again I use Arch + Wayland. Maybe you could try a couple of different distros on a Live USB or something (you could create one using Ventoy and then put a few different ISOs on there to play around with). I’d recommend choosing a distro with a recent kernel and updated graphics stack, for eg Arch or Bazzite and see how it goes.
But the artefacts you describe sound more like a hardware glitch to me. Have you tried running the Lenovo hardware diagnostics from the system boot menu? (IIRC you need to press F12 or something to get the menu and then choose the diagnostics mode).
I ran the diagnostics and they all came up clean, which I mentioned to Lenovo (who were pretty chill with getting the mobo replaced).
It seems to happen more when the graphics are clocked lower, or transitioning from high power state to lower power states. That being said, I’ve so far had it work pretty good on KDE-Neon on Wayland. Haven’t test X11 yet tho.